Firearm.



G. HAMMOND.

FIRBARM.

APPLICATION FILED DBC 11,1912.

Patented Jan. 12, 1915.

lV/TNESSES Q 'vn' s 1 ATT'EY.

. State ot Connecticut, have i FEE@ Y STAE@ GRANT RJMMOND, OF HARTFORB, CONNECTCUT?. ASSIGNGE, C?? GNE-THRD TO rfl'ii il WASHBURNE, 02 IITTSEIELI), MASSACHUSUWTS. ANT) ON-T TO FREDERQK G.

CRANE,- OF DALTON, MASSACHUSE'ITQ.

FREABIM.

Specification of Letters Eatent.

Applcation'iled December 11, 1912. Serial No. 136,095.

T0 all whom. may concern.

Be it known' that i.. lnfls'r HAMMOND, a

citizen olf the United States, und a resident of `Hartford, in the county of Hartford and. vented a new and improver Firearm, of which the ich lowing is a specification.

My invention relates especially to that class of devices known as automatic lirearrns and an object oi my invention, among others, is to provide a device of this class \ot"h igh power, and one extremely rapid ir.

its operation.

One form of device embodying my invention and in the construction and use ot which the objects hereinabove set out, as well' as others, may be attained, is illustratcd in the` accompanying drawings, in

which- Figure l is a view in side elevation oi a pistol embodying my invention, vvith parts cut away to show construction and the muzzle 'oi the barrel being broken oli. Fig. Q is a detail view ot' a `portion of a pistol embodying my invention, with parte cut in section on plane denoted by dotted lines 2Q of Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a top vien` ot' my improved pistol with parts broken away to show eonstructioiigind with the muzzle of the barrel'brolcn oil". Fig. et is a detail end view, looking from the liront, or my iinproved pistol, the lower part of the stock or handle being broken oli. Fig. 5 is a detail top view ot the breech-bolt and actuator therefor. with ports broken aivay to show construction and the bolt being shown in its locked position. Fifi". 6 is a side vieu' of the saine. Fio. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 6 but ivith the breech-bolt sition.

lilly invention relates more especially to the mechanism iior automatically eiecting the shell and for inserting a cartridge into the barrel, for which reason the details of construction of such mechanism onlyY are shown herein as sui'lieient for a thorough understanding of the invention, the o'thel mechanisms being of any ordinary construe tion.

In the accoinpanyinfT drawings the nuneral kl0 denotes the .trame of the pistol `supplied with grips il constituting` the stock, this traine haring the usual trigger guard l2, trigger 13,

being` of aub7 desired shown in unlocked pound hammer lit, the

connection between the an'l f wzl torni oi coi he handle or heme has a reco upper orivard part and. a oroiel its upper rear part.y said pi'i'riccl ing a slet li. i

A. receiver 1:5 is suitablqT secured to if. handle, a projection 19 on the receiver bei located in the recess l5, and a rearward pr', jcction 2O resting in the slot li', pins pa ing through the Valls of the slot and and through said projections securin and holding the parts together. A magazine opening 2l is formed through the receiver, opening into a brceChbOlt chamber 59 hat7N ingl an ejection opening The rete; er also has a recess 23 extending from its iront part with a reduced threaded, opening. @il

extending from said recess into the breechbolt chamber.

A barrel 25 is fitted in the recess 2B and has a reduced threaded end 'lo fitting thrcadeo opening .Q4- il port 2i e.

from the barrel through the receiver lrnd through the Wall oi" an expansion tube 3b secured., as by ineens el' interengaging screw threads, Within an expansion tube rec`v `9 in the front end of the receiver. An er ru sion sleeve 3() is located on the expansion tube, its end being closed by a closing screw 3l. ri`hc. sleeve() has a volte preferably integrally formed therewith at its inner enii and projecting from oppositev sides, the rms et the 'yoke being secured to actuator open ating rods 33 extending into breech opening spring chambers 3i containing breech not i ing springs 35 thrusting at one end tnei'eo' against the walls oif 'the chambers and ut oposite ends against slotted heads 3G in each. of which a latch 3T carrying a. trip is pivotaily mounted but preferably l airing some fric-tional resistance to pivotal nieveiuent. The trips 3S travel in slots 39 in the walls oil the spring chambers 3A in nosition to strike trip engaging shoulders lll constituting the ends oi: the slots.

Actuator operating` sleeves l-l are loca ted for reciprocating morcmentin actuator op cratiug sleeve chambers 412 `iininell in the receiver 18. each et said sleeves containing ay breech closing sin'ing 423, each of Yubich thrusts -with one cud closing the end oi' its sleeve, each oi? seid springsthrusting with. its opposite. end

against a nippleyllfy c lai* there .i and the end ol each sleeve is rc id at i7 to receive the ends out rounded extensions l i"roin a l u'eech-bolt acti itor l), i lneecli-holt actuator has a hz'eimner recess 5() in its end in 'which the gg and ot the hanuuer le rests when the are in their no; nil pox actustor arias 5l extend along opposite sides the lvreeclrholt fl. A. iii'ng pin 555 has o ie mi( resting loosely in a hole in the d pin"pro`ee 'through the a position to strike the primer u1u-trillen located in the breech in po i to l i lli-1 i, the: breech-holt having a una' :novenient hij-,tween the arm@ i on or with said pin, 'the latter lr positioned iu the l), coli-holt. pi ijcet one from each ai ni' into il" in. opp sides'ot i V ""ie above description ie acti'L-` r toastaer with the .tiring nd lneecli-holt 'forni unitary struethe lureeeh-lzolt heingsupported with the other n nliers.

has locking; lugs 5? looppos side* thereof in position Guide grooves (shown in dotted l) formed in the "wall oilE the t chamber 59 and extending tirera-.rfiM rlfhese guide grooves a locking "more (il) extending i of the i' 'neel-i holt cliarnler 1 In( rest in the normal tend n YV along vthe. hier i an ejector e urod in the projection e .cor ($3 opens out oil? (il at one end thereof, the groove Q if "iwise movement d rotary more 'lritione The e a a liring; pin 0^ l v end of( the spr io'ztom of the spr thereof. '4

Vlirinir pin 53 has i slumlderfj 1 'k3b Gf thrust "Wusthof- :isaiasi v 6G', thus ,ly at the pin. sleci Y, in the l,

ing

pair, on opposte.

` sleeve, and breech-holt.

and limit 'the rearward movement ot' the tiring pin.

Actuator locking 1oolts 68 are located in opposite sides olf the actuator in position to engage the .loeking bolt openings 4G in the actuator operating sleeves ell thus locking the parts together. Fingerfpieees 69 project from each of the bolts laterally beyond the side olf the actuator, inward pressure upon the .finger pieces serving to disengage the loolts from the holt openings 4G and permit the actuator and rlng holt to be withdrawn from the breecli-bolt chamber. Locking-bolt springs T0, located underneath the bolts and prelerably extending into a recessy in the finger pieces, serve to press the bolts nominally into locked position, retaining pins 7l extending' through' Athe actuator and iaterally across the linger pieces 69 and recesses therein, serving to hold the locking holt and linger pieces in position.

annular groove extends around the breech-holt, an extractor collar '74- is located in this ei-omo, and an extractor 75 extends forwardly trom the collar and has the usual lip to engage the flange of a cartridge shell. is the hreeclroolt moves backward after the discharge ol the pistol, this extractor draws the shell out oil the breech, the lower edge of the shell striking the ejector G?, throwingI the shell out through the opening- 22 in the usual manner.

The operation of the device is as follows,

. the parts being in their normal positions as shown in Figs. l to (3 ot' the drawings, exceptingl that `he hammer lflis cocked, a pull upon the tr er l?, releases the hammer and it is thrown 'lim'ward hv its sprinfr, in a manner well known, striking the ring pin 53 and forcing; it aga kist the primer oi the cartridge that is exploded fthereby, the liring pin moving 'freely in the actuator, firing' pin Als .the bullet, that is forced outward by explosion, passes the port 2'2", expanding port into the expansion tube QS and acting against the end oi. the expansion sleeve within the same, forces said sleeve forwardly carryingwith it the yoke 32, the actuator operating rods 33 secured to the yoke, and the latches and trips 37 and 38. As the trips $38 encounter the trip shoulders 40 the latches 87 are thrust into position to engage thosliogulders of the latch recesses 76 yin the l .1

thus looking; the lrods 33 to .the

This (novelmen", oit' the rods 233 has compressed the nreech opening springs and when the exerttl. f i normal 'ses pass through smid Wardly, compressing the breech closing end ofthe grooves 56 the breech-holt Will have been rotated suiciently to locate the locking rvlugs opposite the guide grooves 58,

at which time the` bullet will have passed out of the muzaie-oi the pistol thus allowing the Vitull force of the gases of explosion to be exerted thereon. rj "he continued movement of the actuator carries the breech-bolt with it, opening the breech chamber and permitting the shell to be ejected as herein'- betore mentioned. T he backward movement of the actuator presses the hammer'back` Ward, cooking the pistol in the usual manner. In this rearward movement ci? the actuator operating rods under the force of the springs 35 the trips 38 encounter disengagin g shoulders 77 on the receiver, freeing the latches 37 from enga-gement with the latch recesses 76, permitting tbe sleeves 41 to be moved by the springs A43 forward to their normal position; In this movement oi the sleeves the actuator is carried forward, the

lugs 57 traveling along the guide grooves 58 until they enter the locking groove 60, when thenction of theA studs in the cam. grooves 5G gives a partial rotation to the breech bolt securing it in locked position. v

l. firearm including a iframe, means to receive a projectile for discharge, tiring mechanism mounted'in the frame, a member arranged to receive Ithe oi explosion by which it is operatively moved, said iirearm ha ing a breech opening spring chamber with a slot in the side Wall thereof, a spring located in said chamber, a latch carrie-d by said' member Within and along said slot to engage the end thereof Jfor disengaging action, a breeclnbolt actuator having a A shoulder to be engaged by said latch, means for returning the actuator to its normal position, and a breeclrbolt to be operated by said actuator.

2. A forearm nicluding` a iframe having a sleeve chamber, means to receive a projectile for discharge, tiring mechanism mounted in the frame, a member arranged to receive 'the gases ot explosion by which it is operatively' moved, an actuator including a sleeve pro#v iecting into a sleeve chamber, a rod secured to the bottom of' said .chamber and projecting into tbe sleeve, a spring thrusting with one end against the bottom of the sleeve and with the other end a shoulder on. the

. l y i rod, means for connecting and disconnecting said member and said sleeve, and a breechbolt connected to be operated by said actuator. l

3. A firearm including, a frame having a sleeve chamber, means to receive a projectile for discharge, firing mechanism mounted in the `rame, an .actuator including a member arranged to receive the gases of explosion b v which it is operatively moved, a breech opening spring chamber, a spring located in said chamber, to resist the movement of said member, a sleeve projecting into said Asleeve chamber,a rod secured to the bottom of said chamber and vprojecting"into thesleeve, a spring thrusting' with one end against the bottom of `the sleeve and with the other endj against a' shoulder on the rod, means for connecting and disconnecting said member and sleeve, and a breech-bolt connected to be operated by said'actuator.

Li. A firearm including a frame, means to receive a projectile for discharge, firing mechanism mounted in the frame, a member arranged 'to receive the gases of explosion byA Which it is operatively moved, said firearm having a pair of breech opening spring chambers located one on each side of the frame, a pair of operating sleeve chambers located one on each side ol the traine, springs located in the breech opening spring chambers Ato resist the movement of said member, springs located in the operating sleeve chambers to resist the movement of au actuator, the actuator, means 'for connecting and disconnecting the actuator to' and from said member, and a breech-bolt mounted to be operated'by said actuator.,

5, A. firearm including a frame, means to receive a projectile for discharge, Iii-ing mechanism mounted in the trame, a member arranged to receive the gases of exploV 'sion by Which it is operatively moved, breech opening spr-ing chambers located one on each side of. the frame, a yoke extending lat orally from said member, rods secured one to each end of the yoke and projecting intoA said breech opening spring chambers, springs mounted in said chambers and opposing movement of said rods, a Ilatch carried by said rods and having one' end projecting into a slot to engage the end thereof, operating sleeve chambers located one on each sidesof the frame, a rod-secured at one end and projecting' into each oisaid chambers, springs located in said chambers to resist the movement oi said rods, an actuator arranged with parts to engage and tension said last mentioned springs, and a bifeechbolt connected to be operated by said actutor.. I

V6, yA Vfirearm including la frame, means to receive a projectile vfor discharge, tiring mechanism mounted the trame, a member vao-receive the gases of explosion by which it is operatively movedfan actuator sleeve projecting into a chamber in the lirearm, means for connecting, and disconnecting said member with and fromsaid lg, sleeve, an actuator removably secured t said sleeve, and a breech-bolt connected to be operated by said actuator.

7. A firearm including a frame, means to receive a projectile for discharge, tiring j() mechanism mounted in the trame, a member arranged to receive the gases of explosion by which it is operatively moved, actuator sleeves projecting into chambers on opposite sides of the firearm, means for connecting and disconnecting 'said sleeve to and from said ineniber by which the sleeves are moved in. oiedireotion, .means for moving the sleeves in the opposite (direction, a breechbolt actuator .removably secured to the I0 sleeves, and a breech-bolt operatively connected with the actuator.

8. A firearm including a frame, means to receive a projectile for discharge, iiring mechanism mounted in the frame, a member a5 arranged to receive the gases ot explosion -by Which it is operi-.tively moved, actuator sleeves projecting into chambers on each side of theiirearin, means for connecting and disconnecting said sleevesful'ith and an from said member by which the sleeves are moved in one direction, a spring for moving cach of the sleeves in an opposite direction, an actuator including a memberhaving laterally extending bolts to engage extensions ..5 from said sleeve, means for actuating the bolt to engage and disengage themeinbers, and a breech-bolt connected to be operated by said actuator.

9. A firearm including a frame, means to o receive. a projectile `for discharge,\. tiring lnccliai'iism mounted in the frame, a member arranged to receive the gases of explosion by which it is operatively moved, actuator sleeves projecting into chambers on the opposite sides of the iirearin, said sleeves having laterally extending openings in the ends thereof, means iorl connecting and discon- Meeting said sleeves with and from said member by means of which the sleeves are te moved in one direction, means for moving the sleeves in the opposite direction, an actuator having member located between the ends ,of the sleeves, bolts projecting'laterally from said member to engage openings in the sleeves, means for operating the bolts, and a breecli-bolt carried by the actuator.

l0. A firearm includrzrng a frame, means to receive a projectilej -lt'or discharge, iii-ing mechanism mounted in the frame, a member i0 arranged to receive the gases oi explosion by vwhich it is oj'ieratively moved, actuator sleeves projecting into chambers on opposite sides oi the firearm, means for connecting and disconnecting said sleeves and said ta.;ne1nber for moving the-sleeves-in one direcmessie? tion, means for'moving the sleeves in the opposite direction, said sleeves having lateral openings at the end thereof, a` breech-bolt actuator having a member located between the ends of the sleeves, spring pressed bolts projecting\aterally from said members to engage said openings, finger pieces connectedwith th bolts to move them from disengagement with said openings, and a breech-bolt carried-by said actuator.

11. A breech-bolt mechanism Ifor a rearm including a, movably mounted breechboit actuator, a breech-bolt rotatably mounted in and supported. by said actuator, said parts forming a unitary structure removable from thei'irearin, means for operating the actuator, said breech-bolt having av cam, groove, a locking lug mounted on said bolt, and a stud projecting from the actuator into said cam groove.

12. A, breech-bolt mechanism for a {irearm including a Inovably mounted breechbolt actuator having oppositely disposed arms, means for operating the actuator, studs projecting from said arms, a b r'cchbolt supported and -carried by and having cam grooves Within which said studs project, and locking lugs located on opposite sides of the breech-bolt.

13.vv A. firearm including a. frame, means to receive a projectile for disharge, firing mechanism, a member arranged to receive the gases of explosion by v'hich it is operatively moved, said iirearm having a breechbolt locking groove and a breech-bp'll'guide xgroove, a. breech-bolt actuator Aoperatively j connected with said member, 'a breech-bolt `mounted in and supported by said actuator,

said parts constituting a unitary structure removable from the firearm, said breech bolt `having a cam groove, a stud projecting from the actuator into said cam groove, and locking lugs .projecting fromopposite sides of the` breech-bolt. l,

l-fl. A firearm including a frame, means 'to receive' a. projectile for discharge, tiring mechanism, a member arranged to receive the gases or' explosion vby which it is operativelymoved, a ,breech-'bolt actuator including oppositely disposed arms and studs projecting from said arms, means for operatively connecting said actuator and said member, a breech-bolt rotatably mounted between said arms andhaving cam grooves into `which saidl studs project, and locking lugs projecting from opposite sides of the breech-bolt.

15. A irearm including a traine, means to receive a projectile for discharge, firing mechanism, a member arranged to ,receive the gases of explosion ivy/which it is v/operati\ elyjmoved, breech-bolt actuating sleeves, means,r for operatively," connecting said ,sleeves and said member.y a breech-bolt actu- .aton ymeans for removablv securimr the natuizo c 'tm-een scie arms by which it is supportec` enti hiring cem grooves Within y which seid studs project, an@ locking lugs located on opposite' sides or"4 the breech-bolt..

mene? from Said d" i tin.

ings projee sides of the oreechbei?. and guide grooves in j ng the actuator., nntee. between vented e gue@ groove in said :firebreech-heit mechanism 01* e {irearm including; a. breech-ooit actuator having @posit-ely disposed arms, ineens for lopere1L- 1i.; the actuator, studs progecting from scid mms, e breech-heit mommy' mounted beand carmen A firearm inciuciing a frame., Vmen-neto receive a progectiie tor d1schorge,liing mechanism mounted in the flemme-member receive the gases ci' explosion by which member and projecting to opposite CLE-EGM. i,

and having Q Slet. c stud profrom on arm into said siot, collar ding tte rees holt and looeey supthefeon, extranet".r secured to eaic r, und guide iutjs projecting from oppo of i engage a iocfoperatively movedE e yokeseoureto,

breech, opening spring chambers icoted one', on each suie olf the freine, an actuator sleeve chamber, en actuator sleeve located in the actuator sleeve chamber, springs located in thebreechopening spring chambers to resist the movement of said member, u spring iocated in the actuator sleeve chamber to rev sist movement of en actuator, the actuator, means for connecting and disconnecting the actuator and said. sleeve, and e breech'bolt mounted to be voperated by said actuator.

i9. ri. firearm inciuding a frame, means to receive @Jprojectiie for discharge, iring mechanism mounted in 'the frame, e member arranged to' receive the gases of explosion by ,which it is operatively movedbreech opening-spring chambers ocite'dfone on cach side oi. the freine, e yoke secured to and extending laterally from seid member., rods secured one to each end of the yoke and proeeting into said breech opening spring chambers, springs mounted in said chambers and opposing. movement of seid rods, an actuator sieeve chamber, an actuator sieeve therein, @spring located therein to resist movement of :on actuator, the actuator, mennsf-iforconnecting and disconnecting the actuetorvsleeve end sa spring rods, end a breeerbotconnected tobe operated by said. "ectuetor. Y

l, 'i GRANT HAIMOND.

"Witnesses ARTHUR B-.-JENKINS,' 

